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• A legislative gender equality norm as a catalyst for change? Discursive convergence in the case of the Swedish Parliament

  2021. Josefina Erikson, Lenita Freidenvall. European Journal of Politics and Gender 4 (3), 403-421

  Artikel

  This article addresses the establishment of gender-equality norms in a case often presented as one of the most gender-equal legislatures in the world, namely, the Swedish Parliament (Riksdagen). Based on a series of in-depth interviews between 2005 and 2016 with 90 legislators in the Swedish Parliament, we ask whether there is agreement over gender-equality problems in Parliament that cut across gender and party affiliation, and whether there is convergence over time in this regard. Our findings show that there is a trend of convergence of the gender-inequality framings over time, which indicates the establishment of a shared legislative gender-equality norm. We suggest that a legislative gender-equality norm might work as a catalyst for progressive and continuous work in this area.

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• Gender knowledge and gender expertise

  2020. Lenita Freidenvall. Social Politics 27 (4), 742-764

  Artikel

  Through an analysis of the Swedish government development program for gender mainstreaming in state agencies—the JIM (Jämställdhet i myndigheter)program—this article analyzes how gender equality is constructed (gender knowledge) and what role specialized knowledge (gender expertise) has in policy implementation. The article claims that even in best-case scenarios, such as Sweden, where intensive efforts to integrate a gender perspective have been undertaken, gender knowledge is based on visions and strategies that do not question prevailing policy paradigms. However, cross-cutting and intersectional conceptualizations of gender equality have created epistemic space for transformative interventions on the part of gender experts.

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• The speaker's gender equality group in the Swedish parliament - a toothless tiger?

  2020. Lenita Freidenvall, Josefina Erikson. Politics, Groups, and Identities 8 (3), 627-636

  Artikel

  A recent wave of research has engaged with gender-focused bodies within parliament studying their status, organization, and function. One type of body scarcely studied is issue-based parliamentary groups such as the Speaker's Gender Equality Group in the Swedish Parliament. This article focuses on the form and function of this body, as well as its potentials and pitfalls. On the basis of secondary sources, two waves of interviews with men parliamentarians (MPs) and inside observations the Speaker's gender equality group is analyzed from the 1990s until today. We conclude that despite lacking formal legislative power, this body has a key symbolic and informal role, manifested in the political will and engaged leadership to ensure that equal working conditions for women and men MPs are promoted. We also find constraints in terms of the limited and general (rather than expert) administrative support as well as the need for consistent authorization.

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• Women’s Descriptive and Substantive Representation in Nordic Politics

  2020. Lenita Freidenvall. Women, Policy and Political Leadership, 169-179

  Kapitel

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• Gender, ethnicity, and political inclusion

  2019. Lenita Freidenvall, Drude Dahlerup. Borderlands in European gender studies, 230-251

  Kapitel

  This chapter explores a critical perspective on today’s diverse processes of rebordering within Europe, with a specific focus on the unfulfilled goal of full and gender-fair political citizenship. A West-centric skew has permeated feminist knowledge production within a geopolitical space in which Central and Eastern Europe has been transformed from the Second World to the second Other of Europe. Political citizenship, or equal representation of citizens in elected decision-making bodies, is a central pillar of modern democracy. The point of departure in the quota debate is the social composition of elected assemblies, i.e., the descriptive representation. The Communist parties mobilized separate women’s organizations, which in some countries, for instance in the German Democratic Republic, were guaranteed a certain number of seats alongside trade unions and youth organizations. The political parties were asked about their general positions on the importance of gender in candidate selection.

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